Foot protection
category S, for work and protective footwear. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (Class I or II) BASIC REQUIREMENTS: the bomb is intended to protect against impact up to an energy level of 200J and against the risk of crushing with a maximum load of 15kN. The sole can be made of any material. Class I: leather or similar materials, except natural or synthetic polymers Class II: natural or synthetic polymer materials | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (Class I) BASIC REQUIREMENTS + antistatic, heel energy absorbing properties, closed heel area, resistance to fuel, oils | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (Class I) BASELINE REQUIREMENTS + S1 + 4.5mm diameter metal anti-perforation, nail resistant, anti-puncture metal blade. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (Clasa I) CERINȚE DE BAZĂ + S1 + lamelă antiperforație nemetalică, rezistentă la cuie cu diametru de 4.5mm. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (Class I) BASIC REQUIREMENTS + S1 + water penetration/absorption | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (Class I) BASE REQUIREMENTS + S1 + S2 + penetration resistance, raised sole | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (Clasa I) CERINȚE DE BAZĂ + S3 + lamelă antiperforație nemetalică, rezistentă la cuie cu diametru de 4.5mm. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (Class I) BASEMENT REQUIREMENTS + S3 + non-metallic anti-perforation blade, resistant to nails with a diameter of 3mm. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (Class II) BASIC REQUIREMENTS + antistatic, energy absorbing properties at heel, closed heel area, resistance to oils, fuel | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (Class II) BASE REQUIREMENTS + S4 + penetration resistance, raised sole | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS - SYMBOLS:
| a.) for all footwear:
| Penetration resistance |
| Energy absorber in the heel area |
| Antistatic footwear |
| Conductive footwear |
| Heat protection |
| Cold protection |
| Water resistance |
| Metatarsal protection |
| Ankle protection |
| Cut resistance | b.) for faces: |
| Water penetration/absorption | c.) for the sole: |
| Contact heat resistance |
| Resistance to oils and fuels | SLIP RESISTANCE - BASIC REQUIREMENTS: |
| Slip resistant, even on Nals-coated ceramic tiles |
| Slip-resistant, even on glycerine-coated steel floors |
| SRA + SRB | ||||||
category P, for protective footwear. | |
| It differs from EN ISO 20345 in terms of impact protection - which is made for an energy level up to 100J and crushing protection - which is made for up to 10kN.xt | |
| Protective footwear. 100J impact and 10kN compression. |
| PB + Closed heel, antistatic and energy absorbing properties in the heel. |
| P1 + Resistance to water penetration and absorption. |
| P2 + Embossed sole. |
category 0, for work footwear | |
| The footwear is not fitted with a protective boot. | |
| Work footwear without a pump. May have one or more additional protection features: P, C, A, E, E, CI or HI. |
| Work footwear without pump. Closed heel, antistatic and energy absorbing properties in the heel. |
| 01 + Resistance to water penetration and absorption. |
| 02 + Anti-puncture properties. |
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 | Built-in shock absorber |
 | Antistatic footwear |
 | Security pump |
 | Anti puncture insert in sole |
 | SRC non-slip sole |
 | SRA anti-slip sole |
 | Oil and fuel resistant sole |
 | Semi-permeable properties |
 | Weather resistance |
 | Insulating properties at low temperatures |
 | Thermal properties |
 | High-temperature resistant sole |
 | Waterproof footwear |
 | ESD footwear |
 | Footwear without metal fittings |
 | HRO footwear |
 | Footwear with Cordura |
 | Dielectric footwear. Protection against electric shock 1000V |
 | Footwear with Thinsulate |
 | Very lightweight footwear |
 | Footwear for foresters |
Protective clothing
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| Protective clothing. General requirements. This is the standard that specifies the general performance requirements for ergonomics, safety, dimensions, compatibility and marking of the protective clothing, as well as the information to be supplied by the manufacturer with the protective clothing. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Protective clothing. Protective clothing against the cold. This is the standard that specifies the requirements and test methods for the manufacture of personal protective clothing against cold at temperatures below -5°C (e.g. for work in cold rooms in the food industry) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| High-visibility signal clothing for professional use | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
GUIDE CLASSIFICATION INTO CLASSES:
Depending on the characteristics of a high-visibility garment, it may belong to one of the three classes specified in the standard:
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| The reflective tape should have a minimum width of not less than 50 mm and a total area of not less than 0,20 square meters. The base fluorescent material shall not have an area of less than 0,80 square meters. |
| The reflective tape should have a minimum width of not less than 50 mm and a total area of not less than 0,13 square meters. The base fluorescent material shall not have an area of less than 0,50 square meters. |
| The reflective tape should not have a minimum area of less than 0,10 square meters. The base fluorescent material shall not have a total area of less than 0,14 square meters. | In addition to the surface area requirements, the clothing must also comply with certain rules regarding the position and spacing of the reflective stripes and the provisions regarding the discontinuity between the stripes. For example, wearing an unbuttoned, certified open-front jacket with a reflective stripe discontinuity of more than 3 cm is like wearing a jacket that is not certified. For this purpose, it is advisable to wear a vest or T-shirt underneath, also certified. |
Cleaning your clothes is also very important. |
When a garment is soiled, it loses its high visibility characteristics and needs to be washed. To do this, the label on the garment should state the washing cycles that the garment can withstand without losing its characteristics. |
Labeling |
The label on the garment must contain data on:
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| Protective clothing against the rain. This standard specifies the requirements and test methods applicable to materials and seams of protective clothing against the effects of precipitation (e.g. rain, snow), mist and soil moisture. | Performance requirements:
Water penetration resistance (Wp), measured in pascals: measurement of the penetration resistance of the outer material and seams under a water pressure of 980 + 50 Pa/ min. Divided into two levels (from 1 to 2), from least to most waterproof.
Resistance to water vapor (RET) measured in (M2.PA)/Wp: measurement of resistance to evaporation. A product has a high evaporation resistance if that product is considered a major obstacle to water vapor. A breathable product has a low resistance to evaporation. Divided into three classes (1-3), from least to most breathable.
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| Protective clothing for users of hand-held chain saws |
The standard covers protection for workers with portable chainsaws: |
| Specifications for foot protection |
| Specifications for protective gloves |
| Specifications for gaiters |
| Specifications for protective jackets |
Depending on the speed of the chain saw chain, there are 4 protection classes: |
| 16 meters per second |
| 20 meters per second |
| 24 meters per second |
| 28 meters per second | ||||||||||||||||||
Hand protection
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| General requirements and test methods The standard defines the general requirements and appropriate test procedures for glove design and manufacture, resistance of glove material to water penetration, safety (pH value in the range 3.5-9.5, chromium VI content <3 ppm, extractable protein content), comfort and efficiency (size, dexterity, permeability and water vapor absorption), marking and manufacturer's information applicable to all protective gloves. The glove is a personal protective equipment that protects the hand or part of the hand. The glove may also cover part of the forearm and arm. The performance index, normally indicated by a number between 0 and 4 (5 in the case of cut), reflects the glove's behavior for a given test. This ranking then allows the test results to be ranked. Level 0 indicates that the glove was not tested or the results did not reach the minimum values. A performance level of X means that the test method is not suitable for this glove. A high number normally corresponds to a high level of performance. |
| Protective gloves against chemicals and micro-organisms |
| The standard specifies requirements for gloves to protect the user against chemicals and/or microorganisms and defines the terms used. It should be used in conjunction with EN 420. The standard does not specify requirements for protection against mechanical hazards. |
| The standard specifies a method for testing the penetration resistance of protective gloves against chemicals and/or micro-organisms. | Definition: | Penetration is the passage of a chemical substance or micro-organism through porous materials, seams, pores or other imperfections in the protective glove at the non-molecular level. | Requirements: | A glove shall not leak when subjected to air and water tightness testing - testing and verification in accordance with the Acceptable Quality Level (AQL). | Performance index | Acceptable Quality Level (AQL) | Level inspection | Level 3 | <0.65 | mm | Level 2 | <0.65 | mm | Level 1 | <0.65 | mm | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pictogram: | ||||
| Use when the glove meets at least performance level 2 for the penetration test. | ||||
| The standard specifies how to determine the resistance of the protective glove material to the penetration of non-gaseous chemicals, which can be hazardous under conditions of continuous contact. Permeability means the passage of a chemical through the test material at the molecular level. It is therefore necessary to measure the permeation time or elapsed time until the liquid comes into contact with the skin. | |||
Requirements: | ||||
| The waterproofness of a glove must be guaranteed for the full length of the glove, taking into account the requirements of EN 420. For a glove to be considered as chemically protective, it must have a protection class 2 rating for at least 3 test chemicals from the predefined list. | ||||
| Coding | Chemical substance | CAS number | Class | |
| A | Methanol | 67-56-1 | Primary alcohol | |
| B | Acetone | 67-64-1 | Ketone | |
| C | Acetonitrile | 75-05-8 | Nitrile compounds | |
| D | Dichloromethanol | 75-09-2 | Chlorinated paraffin | |
| E | Carbon disulphide | 75-15-0 | Organic compounds containing sulphur | |
| F | Toluene | 108-88-3 | Aromatic hydrocarbon | |
| G | Diethylamine | 109-89-7 | Amine | |
| H | Tetrahydrofuranol | 109-99-9 | Ether compounds and heterocyclics | |
| I | Ethyl acetate | 141-78-6 | Ester | |
| J | n-heptanol | 142-85-5 | Saturated hydrocarbons | |
| K | Sodium hydrocsid 40% | 1310-73-2 | Inorganic bases | |
| L | Sulfuric acid 96% | 7664-93-9 | Inorganic mineral acids | |
| The test results of each chemical are ranked according to breakthrough time (performance level 0-6). | ||||
| Time | Protection class | Time | Protection class | |
| > 10 min | Class 1 | > 120 min | Class 4 | |
| > 30 min | Class 2 | > 240 min | Class 5 | |
| > 60 min | Class 3 | > 480 min | Class 6 | |
Pictogram: | |||||||
| It is applied, followed by a code of at least three characters, if the glove achieves a penetration time of at least 30 minutes for testing with 3 different chemicals. It is used when the glove does not achieve a penetration time of at least 30 minutes when testing with at least three chemicals, but only for 2. | |||||||
| Gloves to protect against mechanical hazards The standard specifies the requirements, test methods, marking and information to be provided by the manufacturer for gloves to protect against mechanical hazards from abrasion, cutting, tearing and puncture. Protection against mechanical hazards is expressed by an icon, followed by four numbers (performance levels), each of which indicates the glove's level of performance as detected by testing for a particular hazard. | ||||||
Requirements: | ||||||
| a. Resistance to abrasion: indicated by the number of cycles required to completely grind the sample glove b. Cutting (knife) resistance: indicated by a factor calculated on the number of steps required to cut through the constant speed test c. Breaking strength: indicates the force required to break the sample d. Puncture resistance: indicates the force required to puncture the sample with a standard sized tip In all four cases, zero indicates the lowest level of protection as shown in the table below: | ||||||
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| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | |
| a. Resistance to abrasion | 100 | 100 | 500 | 2000 | 8000 | |
| b. Cut resistance | 1,2 | 1,2 | 2,5 | 5,0 | 10,0 | 20,0 |
| c. Breaking strength | 10 | 10 | 25 | 50 | 75 | |
| d. Puncture resistance | 20 | 20 | 60 | 100 | 150 | |
Pictogram: | |||||
| Protective gloves against thermal hazards The standard specifies the requirements, test methods, marking and information to be provided for protective gloves against heat and/or fire. | ||||
Definition and requirements: | |||||
| The nature and degree of protection are represented by an icon, followed by a series of six digits identifying the level of performance for the risk conditions described in the table below: | |||||
| Description | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Level 4 | |
| Flame duration (seconds) | ≤20 | ≤20 | ≤3 | ≤2 | |
| Burn duration (seconds) | ≤120 | ≤253 | ≤5 | ||
| Contact temperature (°C) | 100 | 250 | 350 | 500 | |
| Time limit (seconds) | ≤15 | ≤15 | ≤15 | ≤15 | |
| (HTI index) | <4 | ≤7 | ≤10 | ≤10 | |
| Heat penetration (seconds) | ≤5 | ≤30 | ≤90 | ≤150 | |
| (drops) | ≤5 | ≤15 | ≤25 | ≤35 | |
| Melted iron (grams) | 30 | 60 | 120 | 200 | |
| Note: "O" = failed the test / "X" = not tested | |||||
Pictogram: | |||||||
| Protective gloves for welding The standard specifies the requirements and test methods for protective gloves for use in manual metal welding, cutting and related processes. Classification into two types: Type B: When high dexterity is required (e.g. TIG); Type A: For other welding processes | ||||||
| Protective gloves against cold
The standard specifies requirements and test methods for gloves that protect against cold transmitted by convection or conduction down to -50°C. | ||||||
Pictogram: | |||||||
| Protective clothing. Electrostatic properties The standard establishes requirements and test methods for materials used in the production of protective clothing (gloves) against electrostatic charge dissipation. | ||||||
Head protection
Main European standards: | ||
| Basic requirements | |
| Optical test methods | |
| Non-optical test methods | |
European lens standards: | ||
| Welding filters | |
| UV filter | |
| IR filter | |
| Solar glare filters, industrial use | |
Welding: | ||
| Devices for eye protection during welding and allied activities | |
| Specifications for mesh visors | |
The meaning of lens markings: | ||
| Indicates filter type: (2 and 3 = UV; 4 = IR; 5 and 6 = solar filters) | |
| Indicates lens shade | |
| Producer dates | |
| Optical class (1 = continuous use; 3 = occasional use) | |
| Mechanical resistance | |
| Short-circuit arc resistance | |
| Molten metal; high temperature solid metals | |
| Resistance to fine particle abrasion | |
| Resistance to condensation | |
| Original lens | |
| Replacement lenses | |
The meaning of printed markings: | ||
| Manufacturer identification data | |
| European Standard EN | |
| Areas of use | |
| Liquids (drops or sprays) | |
| Coarse particles (dust with particle size > 5 microns) | |
| Gases and fine dust particles (gases, vapors, sprays, fumes, smoke and dust with particle sizes <5 microns) | |
| Electric arc short circuit | |
| Molten metals; hot solid metals | |
| Resistance to high harshness (12 m/s) | |
| Low energy impact resistance (45 m/s) | |
| Medium energy impact resistance (120 m/s) | |
| High energy impact resistance (190 m/s) | |
| Resistance to very high speed particles and extreme temperatures | |
| Glasses frame suitable for small head size | |
Lens selection. areas of use | ||||
| Lens | Filter Type | The shade | EU standard | Areas of use |
| Colorless Yellow HDL |
Ultraviolet (UV) from 2 to 3 *3 for EN 170:1992, substituted with 2C for EN 170:2002 |
1.2 to 5 | EN 170 | Electric short-circuit arc. Mercury vapor lamp. For low brightness (yellow tint) |
| IR Green with shades
1.7 - 3 - 5 Cobalt Blue |
Infrared 4 | from 1.7 to 7 | EN 171 | Glass processing industry-turnery |
| Silver I/O TSR Gray TSR with mirror in different shades | Solar filters from 5 to 6 | from 1.7 to 4 | EN 172 | Working outside in bright sunshine |
| Shades of green 1.7 to 6 | Weld filters from 1.7 to 7 | from 1.7 to 7 | EN 169 | Welding assistant (1.7) Brazing (3 to 5) Oxygas (5 to 7) Electric arc welding (> 7 requires use of screens) |
OTHER AREAS OF USE | ||||
| Drops and splashes | 3 |
Visor (drops) Goggles (splashes) |
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| Coarse powders | 4 | Google glasses | ||
| Gases and fine powders | 5 | Goggles (with indirect ventilation) | ||
| Electric arc short circuit | 8 | Minimum visor screen thickness: 1.2 mm (EN166:1995) UV filter 99.9% UV filter | ||
| Molten metals; hot solid metals | 9 | Google/vision glasses | ||
EN 397 helmets: |
| The standard specifies the physical and performance requirements, test methods and marking requirements for protective helmets. Protective helmets are specifically designed to protect the wearer from impact with falling objects, which can cause brain injuries or skull fractures. The use of safety helmets is mandatory for all those activities where there is a risk of head injury as a result of contact with various obstacles or falling or moving objects. In accordance with EN 397, the safety helmet has an outer and an inner component. The protective effect of the protective helmet is based on its ability to absorb impact through elastic and plastic deformation and its puncture resistance against sharp or cutting objects. Each helmet shall have a printed marking, which shall contain the following information: a) European standard EN b) manufacturer’s name or brand c) year and quarter of manufacture d) type of helmet e) size or size range Additional information such as instructions for use, recommendations for fitting, mounting, cleaning, handling and storage. |
EN standards for hearing protection: |
| Noise damage continues to represent a huge cost for companies.Statistics confirm that exposure to 85 dB noise over 35 years of work increases the risk of hearing loss by 15%. The EUROSTAT survey (2004) revealed that hearing loss is even the fourth most recognized occupational disease.The main European rules governing the use of IPR for hearing protection are the following: EN 352/1 Ear-muffs EN 352/2 Ear-muffs EN 352/3 Helmet clip earmuffs EN 352/4 Electronic Ear Muffs The SNR indicator represents the degree of attenuation achieved by the protective device over the entire frequency spectrum. Its values are expressed in decibels (dB). |
Directive 2003/10/EC: |
| If the noise exceeds 80 dB (A), the employer must provide appropriate protective equipment. Above 85 dB(A), the use of hearing protective equipment must be provided as necessary and required. Under no circumstances may the value of 87 dB(A) be exceeded, bearing in mind that serious damage to the hearing system may occur. Implementation of the obligation to reduce noise levels requires the demarcation/signposting of certain risk areas, the provision of specific protective equipment, etc. |
EN standards for respiratory protection: |
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| Respiratory protection is achieved by: – a gas filter, when a gas is present. – an aerosol filter, when dealing with particles, solids or liquids. It is often recommended to combine the two types of filters, especially in the presence of vapors at room temperature. | ||||||||
Choice of filters: |
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| Filters should be selected according to: – The toxic substances you want to protect yourself against – The activity to be carried out – How to carry out and duration of the intervention – The equipment available | ||||||||
Using filters: |
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Regulations governing respiratory protection |
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Disposable seeds |
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EN 149/2001 |
protection against dust particles |
EN 405 |
gas and vapor protection |
Reusable masks/masks |
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EN 140 |
semimasti |
EN 136 |
full masks |
EN 143 |
dust particle filter |
EN 148 |
thread standards for masks |
EN 14387 |
gas and combined filters |
Assisted ventilation systems |
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EN 12941 |
particulate, gas and vapor filtration systems with masks or hoods |
EN 12942 |
particulate, gas and vapor filtration systems using full or half masks with filters |
| All these devices protect against dust (solid particles, vapors, fumes), gases and vapors of substances of certain concentrations and toxicity. | |
| NEEDED PROTECTION FACTOR: the ratio of the average workplace concentration of the contaminant to the TLV. TOXICITY OF CONTAMINANT: the higher the toxicity of the contaminant, the more effective filtration is required. CHOOSING THE RIGHT FILTRATION SOLUTION The choice must always start from the correct risk assessment: - assessment of the nature of the contaminant to choose the type of filter; - assessment of the concentration of the contaminant to determine the type of protective device and the class of filter to use. Dividing the average workplace concentration by the TLV gives the NECESSARY PROTECTION FACTOR. The appropriate device must provide a higher protection factor than the nominal protection factor required. There are tables which indicate for the most common types of contaminants the appropriate filter. Any type of filter must be replaced when the user smells or tastes the contaminant. |
| Use the following markings to identify the product classification: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1.'NR' - for single-use seed | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 2.'R' - for seed drills that can be used for more than one shift | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Disposable seed drills or seed drills/grasses with replacement filters should not be used in the following cases:
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